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Hypnotherapy : How to Calm Nerves the Natural Way
Cognitive modulation of psychophysical, respiratory and autonomic responses to cold pressor test.
In healthy subjects with high hypnotisability (highs) under hypnosis, subjectively effective suggestions for analgesia abolish the increases in blood pressure associated with cold pressor test (cpt) by reducing the peripheral vascular resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the suggestions of analgesia on the responses to cpt in healthy highs (n?=?22) and in low hypnotisable participants (lows, n?=?22) out of hypnosis. Cpt was administered without (CPT) and with suggestions for analgesia (CPT+AN). Psychophysical (pain intensity, pain threshold, cpt duration (time of immersion) and pain tolerance, defined as the difference between cpt duration and pain threshold), respiratory (amplitude and frequency) and autonomic variables (tonic skin conductance, mean RR interval (RR?=?1/heart rate), blood pressure, skin blood flow) were studied. The suggestions for analgesia increased cpt duration and RR in both groups, but decreased pain intensity and enhanced pain threshold only in highs; in both groups they did not modulate systolic blood pressure, tonic skin conductance and skin blood flow; thus, increased parasympathetic activity appears responsible for the heart rate reduction induced by suggestions in both groups. In conclusion, our findings show that suggestions modulate pain experience differentially in highs and lows, and are partially effective also in lows. We hypothesize that the mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of suggestions in healthy lows may be involved also in their efficacy in chronic pain patients with low hypnotisability.
PLoS One. 2013 Oct 9;8(10):e75023. Santarcangelo EL, Paoletti G, Chiavacci I, Palombo C, Carli G, Varanini M. Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
A few years ago the movie The Secret popularized the concept of the Law of Attraction. Pretty much it was saying that if what you hold in your mind will naturally be attracted by some mystical forces. Is this truth or fiction?
Once I pondered that question I tried to find some great work of art, architecture, science, athletics, or business that was achieved without intention or vision. Of course, hard work, practice, and effort were normally part of the equation. However, I could not find one single example of any achievement that did not start with a spark of an...
Cyber bullying seems to be an invention of the Internet era. This form of cowardly bullying involves someone – who is frequently anonymous – communicating through e-mail or social media sites in a very threatening manner. Like bullying that involves the bully being present in person, one cyber bully is almost always joined by others who join in on the frenzy.
As I have written frequently, all bullying is a manifestation of instinctual dominance play in which one or more person’s seek to prey on those who are deemed to be helpless. While this is normally a matter of brawn, in more...
Over the past few years the subject of bullying and bullies has once again achieved the national spotlight. However, this topic is not new. Just watch films about children that were made in the 1930’s, 40’s, and 50’s to see numerous examples of children bullying one another. It appears that bullying is a phenomenon that has always and always will be with us.
So, what is bullying and why does it occur? This form of aggressive behavior naturally happens within any group or society as part of setting up orders of dominance. Just observe a litter of pups or a flow of birds. This Darwinian...